Blog Summary A data hall is a specialized area within a data center that accommodates Information Technology Equipment (ITE), including servers, data storage, and networking devices. These components function most effectively within a specific temperature range recommended by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) assists in data hall design by modelling airflow, predicting temperature distributions, and optimizing cooling strategies Ta

Summary: In water treatment plants finer particles are removed by a series of processes called flash or rapid mixing, Coagulation, and Flocculation. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation helps evaluating performance of various processes and helps in followings, Mixing intensity can be determined. Residence time inside the mixer can be determined. Performance of different agitator blade designs can be studied. Velocity and mixing pattern inside the mixing chamber can b

Blog Summary Some of the challenges in design of a cold storage warehouse are: Uneven airflow distribution Undesirable temperature increase/variation Condensation. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) offers solutions by simulating airflow patterns and heat transfer, optimizing ventilation and insulation strategies, and evaluating energy-saving measures. Table content Explanation Challenges CFD Solution Explanation : Cold storage warehouses are specialized facilities designed f

Blog Summary Strainers are used in processing plants and chemical industry as a filtering device. The filtration process involves flow through narrow passages, which causes high pressure drop or head-loss. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is useful to understand the cause of pressure drops in industrial strainers. Table content Explanation Challenges Results Explanation : Strainers are used in processing plants and chemical industry as a filtering device. The filtration pr

Blog Summary In a well-designed warehouse, achieving optimal airflow and thermal conditions is crucial for ensuring a comfortable and safe environment and preserving the quality of stored goods. Some of the valuable insights that can be obtained using CFD when designing warehouses: e.g. streamline contour visualises the flow around the HVLS fans, Identifying stagnant air-movement regions in human-dwelling areas etc. Table content Explanation Valuable Insights Explanation : A

Blog Summary Cyclone separators are used for the purpose of separating dust particles from gas streams. It works on the principle of centrifugal force generated by vortex created due to tangential entry of fluid. CFD analyses can help in visualizing the flow-field inside the cyclone separator along with estimation of the collected and leaked particles. A high overall collective efficiency (98.3%) has been observed owing to the high centrifugal force experienced by the dust pa

Blog Summary The stack effect is a major challenge for skyscrapers, but it can also be a factor for two-story family homes. Stack effect occurs when the outside temperature is substantially lower than the indoor temperature. It’s a condition in which the structure acts like a giant chimney, efficiently funneling warm air upwards until it eventually leaves the structure entirely. Table content Explanation Explanation : The stack effect is a major challenge for skyscrapers, but

Blog Summary In case of improper cooling, hot-spots might appear near the ITEs. To address these challenges, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) emerges as a valuable tool. An under-floor data hall has been considered for a sample CFD analysis to show-case vortex formation in the under floor and to observe presence of hot-spots The temperature distribution inside the data hall can be visualized with temperature contours Table content Explanation Challenges in the thermal manag

Blog Summary A CFD study where flue gases emanating from three stacks of a captive power plant is described Dispersion of pollutants are best described as two-phase flows. The contours of phase volume fractions can be plotted to look after the concentration variation near the stacks. Table content Explanation CFD Study Explanation : Dispersive transport takes place as a dispersed phase moves into a continuous phase available in its surroundings. The dispersion of pollutants f

Blog Summary All the variables are not equally responsible for system's behavior, so it can be really helpful if the total number of variables to be monitored to a few important ones. ML techniques which can really help in determining the minimum set variables which largely captures the process behavior. Table content Explanation Explanation : Machine Learning can help in process monitoring in various ways. In a typical process plant there are many process variable are to be

Blog Summary In AI/ML domain, model development approaches can be segregated as "supervised" or "unsupervised". Regression & Classification models are generally supervised kind of models; and clustering models use unsupervised approach. Table content Explanation Explanation : In AI/ML domain, model development approaches can be segregated as "supervised" or "unsupervised". In supervised learning approach the data includes inputs and associated outputs. However the unsupervise

Blog Summary In process and manufacturing industries it is not always feasible to measure every variables of interest. In process industries soft sensors can be really helpful in monitoring complex processes. Table content Explanation Explanation : In process and manufacturing industries it is not always feasible to measure every variables of interest. In those scenarios soft sensors can be really helpful. So, Soft sensors, also known as virtual sensors, are models used to es

There are techniques in AI/ML to solve all of the above challenges. For example Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) can be used to process the time evolution data to build a classification model. As the system's behavior under each type of fault can be different , now with the Fault classification model using RNN whenever a fault occurs and the subsequent pattern of data helps in determining the type of fault. This is also know as Fault Diagnosis. When twin models are developed us

In process & manufacturing applications identifying the onset of system abnormality / failure at the earliest is very crucial. Models which help in determining the occurrences of such abnormalities as "fault detection" models. The techniques to isolate the variables which are causing the abnormality is generally known as "fault identification". Along with these there are scenarios where the type of fault needs to be determined, this generally known as "Fault Classification or

Unplanned down times and shut-downs, one of the major challenges industries face when disruptions happen due to an unanticipated break-down event. So plants always rely on preventive maintenance to avoid such occurrences. However , in order to optimize the productivity it is always desirable to have minimal number maintenance schedules. Data driven "predictive analytics" is one of the better options to optimize between maintenance stoppages and risk of unplanned disruptions.

Blog Summary Electro-Static Precipitators (ESPs) remove particulate matter from a gas stream by a series of corona generating electrodes and collector plates. CFD analysis can be used to optimize the collection efficiencies in ESPs. Table content Explanation Open Area Ratio (OAR) Explanation : Electro-Static Precipitators (ESPs) remove particulate matter from a gas stream by a series of corona generating electrodes and collector plates. Several factors like flow rate, particu

Blog Summary Cyclone separators are prevalent in process industries separation process. Pressure looses due to flow path can also be estimated from CFD studies. Table content Explanation Case Study Explanation : Cyclone separators are prevalent in process industries for separating oil droplets or dust particles from gases. These work on the principle that centrifugal force on a particle is proportional to its mass. So higher the mass, higher the centrifugal force. In cyclone